| Where do you study? order androenlarge This often happened under the benign rubric of protecting America’s “infrastructure,” and in a post-9/11 atmosphere of patriotic cooperation. In November 2002, as part of the creation of the Homeland Security Department, Congress passed legislation to “promote the voluntary sharing of cybersecurity information between the private sector and government,” as Bruce Heiman, then the head of Americans for Computer Privacy, described it at the time in a letter. Another letter sent to every senator on July 22, 2002, by these same industry groups described how much help the government needed. “Nearly 90 percent of the nation’s critical infrastructure—physical and computer networks for production and delivery of energy, food, water, telecommunications, financial services, health care, chemicals, and other raw materials, essential products and services—are owned and controlled by the private sector,” the letter said. “The new Department of Homeland Security and other agencies obviously need to know more about these facilities in order to evaluate threats and vulnerabilities, and take necessary actions. Thousands of companies want to help in this effort by sharing critical infrastructure threat and vulnerability information with the government.”
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